Students are asked to identify two impending signs of a volcanic eruption and to describe four geological events that are linked to volcanic eruptions.
Curriculum Links:
Answers/responses:
Y10 (06/2000)
a)
Any 2 of:
Smoke coming from volcano.
Steam rising from volcano.
Warming of crater lake/warming of nearby lake.
Swelling/bulging in mountain/volcano.
Earthquakes.
Other acceptable answers.
2 correct – moderate
1 correct – very easy
b)
Any 4 of:
Magma rises up inside the volcano/flows down volcano.
Heat from the magma evaporates some/all of the water in the lake.
Eruption of ash/volcanic rocks.
Mineral deposits may be left in the crater.
The ash in the air, with water, can lead to the formation of acid rain.
There are associated earthquakes.
Lahars may occur.
Steam eruptions may occur.
Pyroclastic eruptions may occur.
Formation of new cone/cinder cone.
Other acceptable answers.
4 correct – very difficult
3 correct – difficult
2 correct – easy
1 correct – very easy
Diagnostic and formative information:
Analysis of correct responses
a)
60% of students mentioned earthquakes.
51% of students mentioned smoke.
16% of students mentioned steam.
b)
The four most common answers were:
59% of students mentioned lava/magma flows.
51% of students mentioned earthquakes.
47% of students mentioned ash clouds.
17% of students mentioned mudslides/lahars.
